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Chicago Footnotes & Endnotes

Integrating Quotes

When including quotations shorter than 100 words, integrate the quote into your paragraph followed by the notation.

Example

Julia Morgan is one of the most prominent female architects of the 20th century and “over the course of her career, Morgan designed nearly 100 buildings for women's organizations in California and beyond.”2

When quotations are longer than five lines, they should be formatted as a block quote. A block quote should be indented a ½ inch, single spaced, and not include quotation marks.

Example

When architecture is discussed, we typically focus our sights on the physical attributes of a building or structure. It is contemplated as a piece of artwork, as an object worthy of reflection.

However, for the buildings that we use every day, this mode of contemplation is unimportant. If everything is going well, we do not focus on the building but rather on what we are trying to do in it. This is the case even where the building has a definite presence in the artworld: in its routine use, the building is more or less ignored, and what matters about it, for its inhabitants, is whether their life-habits are conveniently accommodated. 3

More CMS Resources

See additional Reference Examples from the Chicago Manual of Style, or consult the Publication of the Chicago Manual of Style at the Library Information Desk.